Comparative effects of Bacopa monnieri and Ginkgo biloba on cognitive functions: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Tiemtad P, et al.
Published in Phytomedicine
Methodology
Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of Bacopa monnieri or Ginkgo biloba reporting standardised cognitive outcomes, with SUCRA ranking and risk-of-bias appraisal.
Key Findings
Network meta-analysis of randomised trials (2,107 participants) comparing Bacopa monnieri and Ginkgo biloba found Bacopa ranked highest for memory and information-processing outcomes, while Ginkgo showed smaller and less consistent benefits largely confined to attention; both were well tolerated, with Bacopa causing more gastrointestinal complaints.
Conclusions
Brahmi, particularly in high-dose formulations, shows promise as a cognitive enhancer compared to Ginkgo in healthy adults.
Limitations
Indirect comparisons dominate the network with few head-to-head trials; heterogeneous extracts, doses and cognitive batteries; several small trials at unclear risk of bias; short trial durations relative to cognitive decline timescales.
Supplements Studied
Brahmi, particularly in high-dose formulations, shows promise as a cognitive enhancer compared to Ginkgo in healthy adults.
Brahmi, particularly in high-dose formulations, shows promise as a cognitive enhancer compared to Ginkgo in healthy adults.
Outcomes Measured
High-dose Brahmi (>=600 mg/day) significantly improved working memory compared to low-dose Brahmi, high-dose Ginkgo, low-dose Ginkgo, and placebo.
It also demonstrated significantly greater benefits for short-term memory. For delayed memory, low-dose Brahmi outperformed both low-dose Ginkgo and placebo.
Related Health Concerns
Study Details
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Disclosures
Funding
Academic institutional funding
This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen.