rct
    2005
    High Quality

    Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: the HOPE and HOPE-TOO randomized controlled trial

    Lonn E, Bosch J, Yusuf S, Sheridan P, Pogue J, Arnold JM

    Published in JAMA

    Methodology

    Randomised placebo-controlled trial of vitamin E 400 IU daily in 9,541 patients with vascular disease or diabetes, extended to a median 7 years.

    Key Findings

    No reduction in cancer or major cardiovascular events, with a significant increase in heart failure and heart failure hospitalisations.

    Conclusions

    Long-term vitamin E does not prevent cancer or cardiovascular events and may increase heart failure risk.

    Limitations

    High-risk population only; single dose and formulation tested.

    Supplements Studied

    Vitamin E
    Vitamin

    Long-term vitamin E did not prevent cancer or major cardiovascular events and increased heart failure.

    Related Health Concerns

    Study Details

    Year:2005
    Sample Size:9,541
    Duration:364 weeks
    Quality Score:10/10

    This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen.