Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: the HOPE and HOPE-TOO randomized controlled trial
Lonn E, Bosch J, Yusuf S, Sheridan P, Pogue J, Arnold JM
Published in JAMA
Methodology
Randomised placebo-controlled trial of vitamin E 400 IU daily in 9,541 patients with vascular disease or diabetes, extended to a median 7 years.
Key Findings
No reduction in cancer or major cardiovascular events, with a significant increase in heart failure and heart failure hospitalisations.
Conclusions
Long-term vitamin E does not prevent cancer or cardiovascular events and may increase heart failure risk.
Limitations
High-risk population only; single dose and formulation tested.
Supplements Studied
Long-term vitamin E did not prevent cancer or major cardiovascular events and increased heart failure.
Related Health Concerns
Study Details
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This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen.