meta_analysis
    2025
    High Quality

    Effect of Apple Cider Vinegar Intake on Body Composition in Humans with Type 2 Diabetes and/or Overweight: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

    Castagna A, Ferro Y, Noto FR, Bruno R, Aragao Guimaraes A, Pujia C, Mazza E, Maurotti S, Montalcini T, Pujia A

    Published in Nutrients

    Methodology

    Systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of 10 randomized controlled trials (789 adults) of apple cider vinegar taken for at least 4 weeks, with Cochrane RoB 2 risk-of-bias assessment.

    Key Findings

    Daily ACV reduced body weight (SMD -0.39), BMI (SMD -0.65) and waist circumference (SMD -0.34); other body-composition measures were unchanged. Effects were seen mainly at 30 mL/day for up to 12 weeks in overweight, obese or diabetic adults.

    Conclusions

    ACV may be a modest short-term adjunct for weight management in adults with excess body weight or metabolic complications.

    Limitations

    High heterogeneity (I2 61-83%), short trial durations, small samples, and reliance on a literature base that includes a since-retracted adolescent trial.

    Supplements Studied

    The pooled results using a random-effects model showed that daily ACV intake significantly reduced body weight [SMD: -0.39; 95% CI: -0.63, -0.15; p = 0.001; I2 = 62%].

    Related Health Concerns

    Study Details

    Year:2025
    Sample Size:789
    Quality Score:7/10

    Disclosures

    Funding

    University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro

    This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen.