Prevention of Recurrent Nephrolithiasis in Adults and Children : A Systematic Review
Asher GN, Viprakasit DP, Aymes SE, Lusk JB, Ross S, Baker C, et al.
Published in Ann Intern Med, Vol. 179 (5), pp. 696-707
Methodology
Systematic review (to December 2025) of randomised trials and nonrandomised intervention studies of diet, drugs and imaging to prevent recurrent kidney stones in nonpregnant adults and children, with strength-of-evidence grading.
Key Findings
31 studies (26 RCTs). For adults with calcium oxalate or phosphate stones, more water; a diet with normal to high calcium, low protein and low sodium; thiazides; alkali; and allopurinol may reduce recurrence (low strength of evidence).
Conclusions
Fluid, a normal-to-high calcium diet with less protein and sodium, and several drugs may prevent recurrent calcium stones.
Limitations
Low strength of evidence; excluded non-English studies and those with fewer than 30 participants per group.
Supplements Studied
a diet with normal to high calcium, low protein, and low sodium
Related Health Concerns
Study Details
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