The Effect of Vitamin E and Beta Carotene on the Incidence of Lung Cancer and Other Cancers in Male Smokers
The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group
Published in New England Journal of Medicine
Abstract
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 2x2 prevention trial of alpha-tocopherol and beta carotene in male smokers.
Key Findings
Male smokers receiving beta carotene had an 18% higher incidence of lung cancer and 8% higher total mortality than those not receiving it.
Conclusions
Beta carotene supplementation is harmful rather than protective in smokers.
Limitations
Male Finnish smokers only; limited generalizability to non-smokers.
Supplements Studied
Alpha-tocopherol supplementation did not reduce lung cancer incidence in male smokers.
Male smokers receiving beta carotene had an 18% higher incidence of lung cancer and 8% higher total mortality than those not receiving it.
Beta carotene supplementation increased lung cancer incidence among male smokers.
Related Health Concerns
Study Details
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This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen.