A phase I study of indole-3-carbinol in women: tolerability and effects on estrogen metabolism
Reed GA, Peterson KS, Smith HJ, Gray JC, Sullivan DK, Mayo MS, Crowell JA, Hurwitz A
Published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Methodology
Single-dose escalation and multiple-dose phase I study of indole-3-carbinol in healthy women measuring pharmacokinetics and urinary estrogen metabolites
Key Findings
Indole-3-carbinol was well tolerated up to 400 mg twice daily and increased the 2-hydroxyestrone to 16-alpha-hydroxyestrone ratio.
Conclusions
Indole-3-carbinol shifts estrogen metabolism toward 2-hydroxylation at tolerable doses.
Limitations
Small phase I design; surrogate biomarker endpoint; no disease outcomes.
Supplements Studied
Indole-3-carbinol was well tolerated up to 400 mg twice daily and increased the 2-hydroxyestrone to 16-alpha-hydroxyestrone ratio.
Outcomes Measured
Indole-3-carbinol increased the 2-hydroxyestrone to 16-alpha-hydroxyestrone ratio.
Study Details
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